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HELLP syndrome is a life-threatening obstetric complication usually considered to be a variant or complication of pre-eclampsia. Both conditions usually occur during the later stages of pregnancy, or sometimes after childbirth. "HELLP" is an abbreviation of the three main features of the syndrome: * Hemolysis * Elevated Liver enzymes * Low Platelet count ==Signs and symptoms== HELLP usually begins during the third trimester; rare cases have been reported as early as 21 weeks gestation. Often, a woman who develops HELLP syndrome has already been followed up for pregnancy-induced hypertension (''gestational hypertension''), or is suspected to develop pre-eclampsia (high blood pressure and proteinuria). Up to 8% of all cases occur ''after'' delivery. Women with HELLP syndrome often "do not look very sick." Early symptoms can include: * In 90% of cases, either epigastric pain described as "heartburn" or right upper quadrant pain.〔 * In 90% of cases, malaise.〔 * In 50% of cases, nausea or vomiting.〔 There can be gradual but marked onset of headaches (30%), blurred vision, and paresthesia (tingling in the extremities). Edema may occur but its absence does not exclude HELLP syndrome. Arterial hypertension is a diagnostic requirement, but may be mild. Rupture of the liver capsule and a resultant hematoma may occur. If a woman has a seizure or coma, the condition has progressed into full-blown eclampsia. Disseminated intravascular coagulation is also seen in about 20% of all women with HELLP syndrome, and in 84% when HELLP is complicated by acute renal failure. Pulmonary edema is found in 6% of all women with HELLP syndrome,〔 and in 44% when HELLP is complicated by acute renal failure.〔 A woman with symptoms of HELLP can be misdiagnosed in the early stages, increasing the risk of liver failure and morbidity. Rarely, after a caesarean section surgery a woman may have signs and symptoms of a shock condition mimicking either pulmonary embolism or reactionary haemorrhage. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「HELLP syndrome」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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